Capitalize the First Character of Each Word using queries

I have found t-sql challenges question where they were asked to provide a solution of oracle INITCAP function in sql.

I was started to find the solution of INITCAP function & found lots of user defined function.

But here I have shared a solution where queries doesn't use any user defined function as well as any variable.

--First of all create one temp table    
DECLARE @t TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY, Data VARCHAR(1000))

--insert the sample data
INSERT INTO @t 
SELECT 'yogesh bhadauriya' 


--use the Common table expression
;with CTE AS
(

    --anchor query where we are finding the first character for replacing with uppercase
    SELECT Cast(STUFF(LOWER(Data), 1, 1, UPPER(LEFT(Data, 1))) As varchar(max)) As Data,
    PATINDEX('%[^a-zA-Z][a-z]%', Data COLLATE Latin1_General_Bin) As Position,ID,Data As OldData
    From @t
    
    Union All
    
   --recursive query
    SELECT Cast(STUFF(CTE.Data, Position, 2, UPPER(SUBSTRING(CTE.Data, CTE.Position, 2))) As Varchar(max)) as Data,
    Cast(PATINDEX('%[^a-zA-Z][a-z]%', CTE.Data COLLATE Latin1_General_Bin) As Int) As Position,CTE.ID,T.Data As OldData
    From @t As T
    Inner Join CTE On CTE.ID=CTE.ID
    where CTE.Data is not null
)
Select ID,OldData As Data,Data As Results
From CTE
where Data is not null
and Position=0


---output
--Id Data    Results
--1 yogesh bhadauriya Yogesh Bhadauriya
    

User defined function to convert the number into charcter

How to convert the numeric value into its specific character? If this is your question, than create the following User Defined Function into your database.

--create the following function 
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udf_Num_ToWords 
(
 @Number Numeric (38, 0) -- Input number with as many as 18 digits

) RETURNS VARCHAR(8000) 
/*
* Converts a integer number as large as 34 digits into the 
* equivalent words.  The first letter is capitalized.
*
* Attribution: Based on NumberToWords by Srinivas Sampath
*        as revised by Nick Barclay
*
* Example:
select dbo.udf_Num_ToWords (1234567890) + CHAR(10)
      +  dbo.udf_Num_ToWords (0) + CHAR(10)
      +  dbo.udf_Num_ToWords (123) + CHAR(10)
select dbo.udf_Num_ToWords(76543210987654321098765432109876543210)
 
DECLARE @i numeric (38,0)
SET @i = 0
WHILE @I <= 1000 BEGIN 
    PRINT convert (char(5), @i)  
            + convert(varchar(255), dbo.udf_Num_ToWords(@i)) 
    SET @I  = @i + 1 
END
*
* Published as the T-SQL UDF of the Week Vol 2 #9 2/17/03
****************************************************************/
AS BEGIN

DECLARE @inputNumber VARCHAR(38)
DECLARE @NumbersTable TABLE (number CHAR(2), word VARCHAR(10))
DECLARE @outputString VARCHAR(8000)
DECLARE @length INT
DECLARE @counter INT
DECLARE @loops INT
DECLARE @position INT
DECLARE @chunk CHAR(3) -- for chunks of 3 numbers
DECLARE @tensones CHAR(2)
DECLARE @hundreds CHAR(1)
DECLARE @tens CHAR(1)
DECLARE @ones CHAR(1)

IF @Number = 0 Return 'Zero'

-- initialize the variables
SELECT @inputNumber = CONVERT(varchar(38), @Number)
     , @outputString = ''
     , @counter = 1
SELECT @length   = LEN(@inputNumber)
     , @position = LEN(@inputNumber) - 2
     , @loops    = LEN(@inputNumber)/3

-- make sure there is an extra loop added for the remaining numbers
IF LEN(@inputNumber) % 3 <> 0 SET @loops = @loops + 1

-- insert data for the numbers and words
INSERT INTO @NumbersTable   SELECT '00', ''
    UNION ALL SELECT '01', 'one'      UNION ALL SELECT '02', 'two'
    UNION ALL SELECT '03', 'three'    UNION ALL SELECT '04', 'four'
    UNION ALL SELECT '05', 'five'     UNION ALL SELECT '06', 'six'
    UNION ALL SELECT '07', 'seven'    UNION ALL SELECT '08', 'eight'
    UNION ALL SELECT '09', 'nine'     UNION ALL SELECT '10', 'ten'
    UNION ALL SELECT '11', 'eleven'   UNION ALL SELECT '12', 'twelve'
    UNION ALL SELECT '13', 'thirteen' UNION ALL SELECT '14', 'fourteen'
    UNION ALL SELECT '15', 'fifteen'  UNION ALL SELECT '16', 'sixteen'
    UNION ALL SELECT '17', 'seventeen' UNION ALL SELECT '18', 'eighteen'
    UNION ALL SELECT '19', 'nineteen' UNION ALL SELECT '20', 'twenty'
    UNION ALL SELECT '30', 'thirty'   UNION ALL SELECT '40', 'forty'
    UNION ALL SELECT '50', 'fifty'    UNION ALL SELECT '60', 'sixty'
    UNION ALL SELECT '70', 'seventy'  UNION ALL SELECT '80', 'eighty'
    UNION ALL SELECT '90', 'ninety'   

WHILE @counter <= @loops BEGIN

 -- get chunks of 3 numbers at a time, padded with leading zeros
 SET @chunk = RIGHT('000' + SUBSTRING(@inputNumber, @position, 3), 3)

 IF @chunk <> '000' BEGIN
  SELECT @tensones = SUBSTRING(@chunk, 2, 2)
       , @hundreds = SUBSTRING(@chunk, 1, 1)
       , @tens = SUBSTRING(@chunk, 2, 1)
       , @ones = SUBSTRING(@chunk, 3, 1)

  -- If twenty or less, use the word directly from @NumbersTable
  IF CONVERT(INT, @tensones) <= 20 OR @Ones='0' BEGIN
   SET @outputString = (SELECT word 
                                      FROM @NumbersTable 
                                      WHERE @tensones = number)
                   + CASE @counter WHEN 1 THEN '' -- No name
                       WHEN 2 THEN ' thousand ' WHEN 3 THEN ' thousand '
                       WHEN 4 THEN ' billion '  WHEN 5 THEN ' trillion '
                       WHEN 6 THEN ' quadrillion ' WHEN 7 THEN ' quintillion '
                       WHEN 8 THEN ' sextillion '  WHEN 9 THEN ' septillion '
                       WHEN 10 THEN ' octillion '  WHEN 11 THEN ' nonillion '
                       WHEN 12 THEN ' decillion '  WHEN 13 THEN ' undecillion '
                       ELSE '' END
                               + @outputString
      END
   ELSE BEGIN -- break down the ones and the tens separately

             SET @outputString = ' ' 
                            + (SELECT word 
                                    FROM @NumbersTable 
                                    WHERE @tens + '0' = number)
              + '-'
                             + (SELECT word 
                                    FROM @NumbersTable 
                                    WHERE '0'+ @ones = number)
                   + CASE @counter WHEN 1 THEN '' -- No name
                       WHEN 2 THEN ' thousand ' WHEN 3 THEN ' million '
                       WHEN 4 THEN ' billion '  WHEN 5 THEN ' trillion '
                       WHEN 6 THEN ' quadrillion ' WHEN 7 THEN ' quintillion '
                       WHEN 8 THEN ' sextillion '  WHEN 9 THEN ' septillion '
                       WHEN 10 THEN ' octillion '  WHEN 11 THEN ' nonillion '
                       WHEN 12 THEN ' decillion '   WHEN 13 THEN ' undecillion '
                       ELSE '' END
                            + @outputString
  END

  -- now get the hundreds
  IF @hundreds <> '0' BEGIN
   SET @outputString  = (SELECT word 
                                      FROM @NumbersTable 
                                      WHERE '0' + @hundreds = number)
                 + ' hundred ' 
                                + @outputString
  END
 END

 SELECT @counter = @counter + 1
      , @position = @position - 3

END

-- Remove any double spaces
SET @outputString = LTRIM(RTRIM(REPLACE(@outputString, '  ', ' ')))
SET @outputstring = UPPER(LEFT(@outputstring, 1)) + SUBSTRING(@outputstring, 2, 8000)


RETURN @outputString -- return the result
END

To check the output of the above User Defined Function, execute the below query into your database.

--now run the following query to get the result

select dbo.udf_Num_ToWords(5800000)

--output
--Five thousand eight hundred thousand

--
Happy Coding to All